Brain Tumors Surgery
Introduction
Microscopic aneurysm surgery is a specialized neurosurgical procedure used to treat brain aneurysms, particularly in cases of subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). SAH occurs when a brain aneurysm ruptures, causing bleeding into the subarachnoid space around the brain. This life-threatening condition requires immediate medical attention, and surgical intervention is often necessary to prevent rebleeding and secure the aneurysm.
This surgery involves the use of high-powered microscopes to achieve precision and safety in securing the aneurysm with a clip, restoring normal blood flow, and preventing further complications.
Goals of Brain Tumor Surgery
- Tumor Resection: Complete or partial removal of the tumor to reduce pressure on surrounding brain tissue.
- Diagnosis: Obtaining a biopsy for pathological analysis to determine the tumor type and grade.
- Symptom Relief: Alleviating symptoms such as headaches, seizures, and neurological deficits.
- Facilitation of Adjunctive Therapy: Reducing tumor size to enhance the effectiveness of treatments like radiation or chemotherapy.
Advances in Brain Tumor Surgery
- Awake Craniotomy: Enables surgeons to map and protect functional areas while the patient is conscious.
- Robotic-Assisted Surgery: Offers enhanced precision for minimally invasive procedures.
- Genomic and Molecular Profiling: Helps guide surgical and therapeutic decisions for personalized treatment.
- Adjunctive Therapies: Innovations like tumor-treating fields (TTF) and targeted therapies complement surgical efforts.
Postoperative Care
- Immediate Monitoring: Patients are observed in a neuro-intensive care unit (NICU) for signs of swelling, bleeding, or infection.
- Steroids: To reduce brain swelling.
- Anticonvulsants: To prevent seizures.
- Pain Management: To ensure comfort during recovery.
- Rehabilitation: Physical, occupational, or speech therapy based on postoperative deficits.
Conclusion
Brain tumor surgery is a cornerstone in the management of both benign and malignant brain tumors. With advancements in imaging, surgical techniques, and intraoperative tools, outcomes have significantly improved, offering patients hope and enhanced quality of life. Early diagnosis and comprehensive care are key to achieving the best possible results.